<< Previous Section | < Previous Page | Next Page > | Next Section >> Bibliography (page 7 of 8) Sankar, P. and M. Cho (2002). "Genetics. Toward a new vocabulary of human genetic variation." Science 298(5597): 1337-8.       This very thoughtful piece deals with genetic variation in ethnic populations that are being discovered at a rapid rate. Do these findings permit one to use the discredited word "race" for closely related populations? Race has been reconceptualized as a social construct separate from genetic background, but is that actually appropriate? The authors suggest that the word race be defined carefully any time it is used in scholarly publications. Shapiro, H. T. (1999). "Ethical dilemmas and stem cell research." Science 285(5436): 2065.       This brief editorial describes societal dilemmas associated with embryonic stem cell research and how the National Bioethics Advisory Commission addressed them. Essentially, they supportedhe Federal funding of research using of embryonic stem cells under certain conditions. Szebik, I. and K. Glass (2001). "Ethical issues of human germ-cell therapy: a preparation for public discussion." Acad Med 76(1): 32-8.       At this point debate on the transfer of heritable elements to sperm or egg, thus changing the individual's genome had not been discussed very much although scientific progress was dramatic. The authors, in an attempt to stimulate discussion do a philosophical analysis of the arguments. They claim that because germ-cell therapy affects future generations, its moral status differs from that of somatic-cell therapy. They discuss the concepts of "playing God", moving in the direction of "human enhancement" and, of course ending up with new genomes for the future. They indicate that humanity is already subject to many influences that alter the human gene pool including of course abortion and that human activity already produces irreversible changes. Their most cogent point is that discussion is needed. Temple, L., R. McLeod, et al. (2001). "Essays on science and society. Defining disease in the genomics era." Science 293(5531): 807-8. Vogel, G. (2001). "BIOMEDICAL POLICY: Bush Squeezes Between the Lines on Stem Cells." Science 293(5533): 1242-1245.       This thorough news focus article describes in detail the Bush decision regarding the Federal support of stem cell research. It also describes the search for lines that fulfill the requirements announced by the President. Vogel, G. (2001). "EMBRYO RESEARCH: British Parliament Approves New Rules." Science 291(5501): 23a-.       This reporter discusses the overwhelming passage by the British parliament of rules supporting research using embryonic stem cells and somatic cell nuclear transfer. Vogel, G. (2001). "Stem cell policy. Can adult stem cells suffice?" Science 298(5523): 1820-2.       This news report describes the discussion over whether adult stem cells can take the place of embryonic stem cells either in research or in clinical promise. We know that to study development embryonic stem cells are better. Five years later, the data remain out on the relative roles of the two types of cells in therapeutics. Vogel, G. (2005). "STEM CELLS: Collaborators Split Over Ethics Allegations." Science 310(5751): 1100      This news report discusses the beginning of the unraveling of the Huang empire. Weissman, I. (2002). "Stem cells--scientific, medical, and political issues." N Engl J Med 146(20): 1576-9.       This stem cell researcher and stem cell research advocate argues that the current embryonic stem cell lines will be inadequate to fulfill the needs for understanding human development. Further, he argues that cell lines developed from discarded embryos from fertility clinics will not be effective in studying specific diseases. He proposes ways to accomplish this while banning reproductive cloning. This is a brief and useful statement that was taken very seriously by the people of the state of California. Weissman, I. L. (2005). "Medicine: Politic stem cells." Nature advanced online publication. Kennedy, D. (2006). "Editorial Retraction." Science 311(5759): 335b-.      This formally retracts the editorial about human stem cell cloning previously published inScience. Normile, D., G. Vogel, et al. (2006). "CLONING: South Korean Team's Remaining Human Stem Cell Claim Demolished." Science 311(5758): 156-157.      This news report in Science describes in some detail the investigation of Dr. Hwang's research and the conclusion that human stem cell lines did not exist but that the cloning of a dog did take place. << Previous Section | < Previous Page | Next Page > | Next Section >> Chapter 7 Quick Links Genetics and Stem Cell Research Genetics Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research Bibliography Chapter 7 Download (PDF)