Avoiding
plagiarism, self-plagiarism, and other questionable writing practices: A guide
to ethical writing
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ORIGINAL VERSION REWRITTEN VERSION
“This
study examines whether workers of S. invicta are able to assist their
mothers in colony usurpations.
First we tested whether [queens] of S. invicta are better able to
usurp colonies to which their daughters have moved. Second, we tested whether the effect of
daughters on usurpation success is due to familiarity with the queen or to
genetic relatedness. Aggressive
behavior during these usurpation attempts was observed to determine if the
presence of familiar or related workers influenced the aggressive response
toward either the resident queen or the queen attempting usurpation.” An
investigation was carried out to determine whether S. invicta mothers are
helped by their worker offspring during colony
usurpations. The study’s
focus of investigation was the question of whether colony take-over by S.
invicta queens is more effective when their daughters first invade the
colonies. One hypothesis concerned
the extent to which daughters’ familiarity with
the queen, or their genetic similarity to her, affects
successful colony take-over. During
attempts at taking over another colony, behavioral observations were
made of usurping
workers that were either familiar or genetically related to the queens to
see if these variables were related to aggressive behavior toward the
resident or the invading queen.
* Red colored, underlined strings of text indicate that they have been taken verbatim from the original paragraph.
· Blue highlighted text indicates that it has been appropriated from the original paragraph with a change in the order of the words or phrases.
