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Academic inbreeding – A practice discouraged in academia which restricts the opportunity of trainees and institutions to benefit from the perspectives of outside researchers.
Clarifying expectations - Clearly defined and well thought-out goals and objectives. Code of research behavior - Broad ethical statements based on a discipline's mission and value statements that aspire to the highest standards of acceptable practices. Collegial networks - Group of peers and colleagues that serve as a professional support system. Compatibility issues – A shared group of agreements between trainees/mentors regarding style of interaction/management, harmonious personalities, and expectations. Confidentiality - The practice of preserving privacy between trainees and mentors based on a high degree of trust that is cultured and earned. Conventional practices – The accepted norms for how research should be conducted for a specific field. Cultivation - A period where the focus is toward maintaining and enriching the trainee-mentor relationship.
Discrimination – Unfair negative treatment of a trainee based on factors unrelated to research skills potential or performance.
Favoritism - Unfair positive treatment of a trainee based on factors unrelated to research skills potential or performance. Full disclosure - A mentor's responsibility to reveal all known facts that may affect a trainee's decision to work with that mentor.
Goal - A statement, usually general and abstract, of a desired state toward which a program is directed.
Independent researcher - An individual capable of planning, conducting, and reporting research responsibly. Institutional resource - Source of information that can assist trainee, usually recognized as a department chairperson, colleague, or mentoring manual. Interpersonal skills - A llows one to more easily express oneself, share ideas, and do it consistently in a variety of settings.
Lifecycle - A way of conceptualizing a relationship evolving through several phases or stages.
Memorandum of Understanding - W ritten documentation of a set of agreements and expectations between two or more parties. Monitoring - Observing and assessing the progress of trainee using a variety of performance indicators. Mentoring relationship - Seeks to inculcate habits of responsible conduct of research in trainees.
Objective – A statement that is specific, measurable, attainable, and realistic, that details desired accomplishment.
Power differential - A state of an asymmetrical status arrangement between mentor and trainee. Proactive approach - A strategy that focuses more on promoting research integrity and preventing research misconduct rather than simply improving the handling of allegations of research misconduct.
Research misconduct - Fabrication, falsification, or plagiarism in proposing, performing, or reviewing research, or in reporting research results Retention of talent –A practice encouraged in private research setting which seeks to keep trained personnel to be in position to competently assist and eventually replace their trainers and mentors. Role model - A person who provides a positive example of conducting research at the highest standards.
Socialization – The social process whereby a novice researcher becomes inculcated to the knowledge, norms, values and practices of a particular field of study. System of accountability – A scheme to observe, measure, and assess predetermined phenomena.
Trainee assessment – A critical self-assessment of a trainee's career values .
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