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Section Four: Professional Responsibility

CASE STUDY: Competition and Collaboration

Hinkly deserves Li's request as a consequence of premature publication.

This is true. Researchers sometimes reduce their research to the smallest publishable elements so that they can maximize the number of publications. Except in extraordinary circumstances, when truly exciting unexpected results are found early, publication should be held until the project is complete.

Nevertheless, it is ethically prohibited for Hinkly to send Li a substitute ceramic-alloy. The substitution may be classified, by the funding source, as "falsification," an example of research misconduct. The substitution is, at least, an example of a questionable research practice. Nothing justifies this kind of intentional deception.


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